Is there a Little Snitch-like app for Android OS devices?

Yes, there is.

NetGuard – No-root firewall.

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NetGuard provides simple and advanced ways to block access to the internet – no root required.
Applications and addresses can individually be allowed or denied access to your Wi-Fi and/or mobile connection.

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Blocking access to the internet can help:

  • reduce your data usage
  • save your battery
  • increase your privacy

Features:

  • Simple to use
  • No root required
  • 100% open source
  • No calling home
  • No tracking or analytics
  • Actively developed and supported
  • Android 5.1 and later supported
  • IPv4/IPv6 TCP/UDP supported
  • Tethering supported
  • Optionally allow when screen on
  • Optionally block when roaming
  • Optionally block system applications
  • Optionally forward ports, also to external addresses (not available if installed from the Play store)
  • Optionally notify when an application accesses the internet
  • Optionally record network usage per application per address
  • Optionally block ads using a hosts file (not available if installed from the Play store)
  • Material design theme with light and dark theme

PRO features

  • Log all outgoing traffic; search and filter access attempts; export PCAP files to analyze traffic
  • Allow/block individual addresses per application
  • New application notifications; configure NetGuard directly from the notification
  • Display network speed graph in a status bar notification
  • Select from five additional themes in both light and dark version

There is no other no-root firewall offering all these features.

Download it from Play Store and look for settings and troubleshooting in XDA.

Enjoy blocking apps from internet.